Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Marble is typically not foliated, although there are exceptions. In geology, the term marble refers to metamorphosed limestone, but its use in stonemasonry more broadly encompasses unmetamorphosed limestone. Marble is commonly used for sculpture and as a building material.

Limestone is a common type of carbonate sedimentary rock. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO
3). Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium.

Travertine is a calcareous sedimentary rock of chemical deposit that was formed in the presence of lakes, waterfalls, thermal springs. The term derives from the Latin Lapis Tiburtinus, a name taken from the lithotype extracted near Tivoli and very widespread in ancient Rome.

Quartzite is a hard, non-foliated metamorphic rock which was originally pure quartz sandstone. Sandstone is converted into quartzite through heating and pressure usually related to tectonic compression within orogenic belts.

Onyx is a variety of chalcedony, that is quartz in compact microcrystalline masses, of an opaque or semi-opaque, uniform color, covering red-brown tones and the entire range of grays up to black. If it is presented in a massive and layered form it is called flint, a material widely used by man in prehistory and antiquity for the preparation of sharp objects and jewelry.

The Granite is an intrusive igneous rock, originates as a result of the cool off and the crystallization of magma below the surface, from 1,5 and 50 km depth. The most important feature is the hardness and the high resistance to usury and to abrasion.

Slate is a metamorphic rock formed by the progressive sedimentation of very fine clay produced by the fragmentation of land forms. Its main characteristic is strong resistance to weathering and as a result of its cleavage it can easily be split into thin or very thin sheets.